More respect for a young image. Research report
This research report examines the practice of publishing children's and adolescents' images online, evaluating consent, digital privacy, and potential harms across peer, family, and school environments. Commissioned by Poland’s Ombudsman for Children (Rzecznik Praw Dziecka), the study highlights the prevalent disregard for young people's autonomy. The study finds that 38 per cent of teachers, 30 per cent of parents, and 23 per cent of peers post photos without asking for permission.
Youth survey on gambling and gaming problems in Norway 2025
This study investigates the link between video gaming, gambling behaviour, and "grey-zone" gaming mechanics among Norwegian adolescents aged 12 to 17. Research demonstrates that excessive gaming, particularly engagement with gambling-like features such as loot boxes, skins, and skin betting, significantly increases the risk of developing problem gambling behaviours. Simulated gambling lowers the threshold for money betting by normalising mechanics where winning appears deceptively easy.
The effects of cyberbullying on children's emotional well-being
This report investigates the prevalence and socio-emotional impact of online harassment among Romanian children and adolescents. Findings show that approximately one in two children has experienced cyberbullying, such as online insults, social exclusion, identity spoofing, or unauthorised image exposure. A significant proportion of victimised youth report chronic exposure occurring monthly or more frequently, which fosters expectations of repeated aggression.
Childhood, adolescence, and digital well-being: An approach from health, coexistence, and social responsibility
This national report published by UNICEF Spain, in collaboration with Red.es, the University of Santiago de Compostela, and the General Council of Official Colleges of Computer Engineering, investigates technology use, digital well-being, and online risk exposure among Spanish students.
Slovak students in the online world 2025 – Research report
This report provides an empirical analysis of how Slovak primary and secondary school students navigate digital technologies, social media platforms, and online communication tools. Investigating both opportunities and online risks, the study maps students' platform preferences, digital behaviour, and engagement with emerging technologies, including AI tools and chatbots. It also explores online risks, including cyberbullying, sexting, and online meetings with strangers.
Safe.si SID 2025 survey: Teenagers and artificial intelligence
The Safe.si suvey for Safer Internet Day (SID) 2025 examined generative artificial intelligence (AI) adoption, behaviours, and attitudes among Slovenian teenagers. Findings showed high adoption rates, with 88 per cent of upper elementary (ages 12–15) and 92 per cent of high school students (ages 15–19) having used generative AI tools, primarily ChatGPT and Snapchat's MyAI. While teenagers mainly use AI for schoolwork, awareness of age restrictions remains low.
Young children & media 2025: A statistical survey of media use among children aged 0–8
This report examines media consumption habits, device access, and media activities among young children aged 0 to 8 in Sweden. The 2025 edition finds that daily digital media consumption, tablet/smartphone usage, video streaming (e.g., YouTube), and digital gaming among young children have decreased since 2022. Conversely, daily reading of physical books and newspapers has experienced a notable increase. The findings provide key empirical insights for early childhood educators, policymakers, and parents regarding screen time, joint media engagement, and developmental tech habits.
Children and media 2025
Ungar & medier is Sweden’s largest biennial longitudinal study investigating media consumption habits, screen time, and digital attitudes among children and youth aged 0 to 18. Published by the Swedish Media Authority (Mediemyndigheten), the research examines leisure-time digital engagement on a typical day. It details online platform preferences, gaming habits, social media usage, news consumption, and exposure to online risks across distinct age groups.
The legal and policy landscape of age assurance online for child safety and well‑being
This report maps the current legal and policy landscape for age assurance across OECD Member countries. It analyses laws that establish age-dependent protections or obligations (“age limits”) and therefore trigger a need to assure age. It considers laws covering online safety (including on pornography and social media services), privacy and the online sale of age-restricted goods.
Childhood in a digital world and mental health | Screen time, digital skills
This report describes the evolving landscape of children’s digital lives, documenting what we know about their access, digital skills and impacts on mental health.
Presenting global and comparative data that have not been previously analysed together, it explores how lack of digital access can influence a child’s digital skills development and highlights the potential for digital technology to exacerbate inequalities.
