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Practical guide on revenge porn
Point de Contact (part of the French Safer Internet Centre) provides the public with this practical guide on revenge porn.
Criminal Code - Section 18 (650/2004) Distribution of a sexually obscene image
Relevant sections of the Criminal Code cover various aspects on online child sexual abuse and exploitation, namely:
- Distribution of a sexually obscene image (Section 18),
- Aggravated distribution of a sexually obscene image depicting a child (Section 18a),
- Illegal display or distribution of an audiovisual programme to a minor (Section 18b),
- Possession of a sexually obscene image depicting a child (Section 18c),
- Sexually obscene marketing Section 20)
(Source: Criminal Code)
Article 197.7 of the Spanish Penal Code
Article 197.7 of the Spanish Penal Code criminalises the disclosure of intimate images without the consent of the individuals involved. This provision aims to protect individuals, including children and young people, from the unauthorised sharing of private and sensitive content. Offenders may face criminal charges for violating this provision, including fines and imprisonment. The law was updated in 2015.
(Source: BIK Policy Monitor Report 2024).
Entities responsible for implementation: Ministerio de Justicia.
Dutch Criminal Code
Article 139h (amended in 2019) of the Dutch Criminal Code addresses the production and possession of sexual/intimate images or material and revenge pornography. It determines the adequate sentence and punishment for a person involved in such crimes.
(Source: Criminal Code).
Entities responsible for implementation: Government of the Netherlands.
Law no. 171/2023, of the Penal Code
Law 171/2023, amending and supplementing the Penal Code, regulates the offence of intimate image abuse. It is not a separate offence when the victim is a minor, but it is an aggravating circumstance.
(Source: BIK Policy Monitor 2024 Report).
Law to combat the non-consensual dissemination of sexual images and recordings
On 18 May 2020, the law of 4 May 2020 aimed at combating the non-consensual dissemination of images and recordings of a sexual nature (“revenge porn”) was published in the Belgian Official Gazette. The practice has been punishable since 2016, but now stricter penalties apply.
(Source: BIK Policy Monitor 2024).
Entities responsible for implementation:
Belgian Federal Public Service/Federale Overheidsdienst Justitie/Service Public Fédéral Justice
