This is the third edition of the OECD’s annual benchmarking report examining the policies and procedures related to terrorist and violent extremist content (TVEC) of online content-sharing services, with a focus on transparency reporting. It builds on the two prior editions, provides an objective and factual snapshot in time of the services’ TVEC policies and procedures, and is comprised of two main parts.
The first explores the evolution of the world’s top-50 online content-sharing services’ (“Popular Services”) approaches to TVEC online since the publication of the second edition. The second adds a new approach that analyses the TVEC-relevant policies, procedures and practices of the online content-sharing services that are used the most for disseminating TVEC (“Intensive Services”).
Methodology
As in the first two benchmarking reports, given the absence of a common metric that could establish the popularity of all the surveyed services, a two-step approach to rank them was followed. First, the services were organised into three categories:
- social media, video streaming services and online communications services;
- cloud-based file sharing services; and
- 3. an “other” category, which includes a content management service and an online encyclopaedia.
Then, within each category, the most popular Services were chosen. To determine popularity, the following metrics were employed:
- Social media platforms, video streaming services and online communications services were chosen based on their monthly average users (MAU). The MAU metric is commonly used by industry analysts and investors to determine a service’s popularity and growth, and constitutes a reliable measure to rank with a fair degree of precision the relative size of services that thrive on user engagement.
- Cloud-based file sharing services were chosen based on indicative market shares, a metric that is frequently used to determine
- The third category includes a content management system and an online encyclopaedia. The popularity of these two services cannot be determined relative to the other two groups; however, their undoubted relevance warranted their inclusion. Their importance was determined on the basis of data (indicative market share and monthly pageviews) that reveal their reach and/or usage.
Citation
OECD (2022), “Transparency reporting on terrorist and violent extremist content online 2022”, OECD Digital Economy Papers, No. 334, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/a1621fc3-en
Record created:
15 September 2026
This is the third edition of the OECD’s annual benchmarking report examining the policies and procedures related to terrorist and violent extremist content (TVEC) of online content-sharing services, with a focus on transparency reporting. It builds on the two prior editions, provides an objective and factual snapshot in time of the services’ TVEC policies and procedures, and is comprised of two main parts.
The first explores the evolution of the world’s top-50 online content-sharing services’ (“Popular Services”) approaches to TVEC online since the publication of the second edition. The second adds a new approach that analyses the TVEC-relevant policies, procedures and practices of the online content-sharing services that are used the most for disseminating TVEC (“Intensive Services”).
Methodology
As in the first two benchmarking reports, given the absence of a common metric that could establish the popularity of all the surveyed services, a two-step approach to rank them was followed. First, the services were organised into three categories:
- social media, video streaming services and online communications services;
- cloud-based file sharing services; and
- 3. an “other” category, which includes a content management service and an online encyclopaedia.
Then, within each category, the most popular Services were chosen. To determine popularity, the following metrics were employed:
- Social media platforms, video streaming services and online communications services were chosen based on their monthly average users (MAU). The MAU metric is commonly used by industry analysts and investors to determine a service’s popularity and growth, and constitutes a reliable measure to rank with a fair degree of precision the relative size of services that thrive on user engagement.
- Cloud-based file sharing services were chosen based on indicative market shares, a metric that is frequently used to determine
- The third category includes a content management system and an online encyclopaedia. The popularity of these two services cannot be determined relative to the other two groups; however, their undoubted relevance warranted their inclusion. Their importance was determined on the basis of data (indicative market share and monthly pageviews) that reveal their reach and/or usage.
Citation
OECD (2022), “Transparency reporting on terrorist and violent extremist content online 2022”, OECD Digital Economy Papers, No. 334, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/a1621fc3-en
Record created:
15 September 2026- harmful content reporting system technical settings
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