Children and young people's online strategies
This report, Children and young people's online strategies (Barns och ungas strategier online), examines how children and young people reason about their use of digital and social media, with a particular focus on how they navigate digital risks. The report was produced within the framework of the EU-funded project Safer Internet Centre Sweden.
An accompanying literature review is also available. The review provides an overview of how research conducted over the past five years has identified and examined the different strategies children may apply when encountering digital risks.
Austrian Criminal Code (StGB)
Section § 107c of the Austrian Criminal Code (Federal Law of 23 January 1974 on acts punishable by law, Criminal Code - StGB) addresses cyberbullying and continuous harassment by telecommunication or computer devices. It includes harmful content related to damages to a person’s honour and facts and images shared without consent. The provision was included in the StGB in 2015 and was amended in 2021 by the Hate on the Net Combating Act (HiNBG). In addition, Section 207a addresses CSAM and sexual depiction of minors (Source: Strafgesetzbuch, BIK Policy Monitor 2024).
Hate on the Net Combating Act (HiNBG)
The Hate on the Net Combating Act (HiNBG) amends the Criminal Code (1974), modifying section § 107c. The new provision considers harassment by telecommunication or computer devices even in a single occurrence (a single non-consensual upload of images). In addition, descriptions of offences are also modified. The HiNBG has been in force since 2021. (Source: HiNBG)
Entities responsible for implementation: Federal Ministry of Justice, Republic of Austria/Bundesministerium für Justiz
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Portuguese Penal Code
Article 176º of the Portuguese Penal Code describes the crime related to pornography of minors, including the grooming of minors, production, distribution, and dissemination of media material, in addition to other actions considered under the law. Article 193° prohibits sharing images or other digital material without consent.
(Source: BIK Policy Monitor 2024).
Entities responsible for implementation: Council of Ministers / Conselho de Ministros.
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